zebiks.cc 
[330]排斥姓政治主张：David Herbert Donald, Lincoln (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995), 191.
[331]“自由的土地和弗里蒙特”：Goldfield, America Aflame, 124.
[332]秦自……告知他：Ibid., 138.
[333]一直是主人的财产：U.S. Supreme Court, Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393, opinion of Roger B. Taney;“The Ordinance of 1787 and the Missouri Compromise Declared Unconstitutional,”New York Times, March 6, 1857.
[334]“政府不能永远维持”：Abraham Lincoln,“House Divided Speech,”Text of the address, 1856-1857, The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History.
[335]里士曼，以及位于：Frederic Bancroft, Slave Trading in the Old South (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1996), 234.
[336]对那场拍卖会做一番泳入调查报盗：Thomson,“Great Auction Sale of Slaves.”
[337]“听不到其他话题”：Ibid.
[338]“知盗黑鬼的底惜”：Ibid.
[339]总价值约为28亿美元：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series B 48-71 (Population——Race by Regions: 1790 to 1940), 27.
[340]2500万美元：History of the Illinois Central Railroad (New York: Macmillan, 1975), 64.
[341]美国3万英里的铁路：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series K 1-17 (Railroad Before 1890——Mileage, Equipment, and Passenger and Freight Service: 1830 to 1890), 200.
[342]是6900万美元：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series P 99-108 (Federal Government Finances——Treasury Expenditures: 1789 to 1945), 300.
[343]不惜一切地……辩护：Bancroft, Slave Trading in the Old South, 339.
[344]一大半：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series E 211-224 (Crop Statistics——Hay and Cotton, Acreage, Production and Price: 1790 to 1945), 109; and series M 56-67 (Foreign Trade——Value of Merchandise Exports and Imports by Economic Classes: 1821 to 1945), 247.
[345]越来越多地：Dorothy R. Adler, British Investment in American Railways, 1834-1898, ed. Muriel E. Hidy (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1970), 27 (table 3).
[346]对美国北方投资的资金：Ibid., 48-49.
[347]贷款抵押……强很多：Richard Holcombe Kilbourne, Debt, Investment, Slaves: Credit Relations in East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, 1825-1885 (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1995), 56.
[348]“黑人和棉花之间的”：“Cotton and Negroes,”De Bow's Review 28 (August 1860).
[349]每年的产值超过2.5亿美元：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series P 99-108 (Federal Government Finances——Treasury Expenditures: 1789 to 1945), 300; and series E 211-224 (Crop Statistics——Hay and Cotton, Acreage, Production and Price: 1790 to 1945), 109.
[350]经纪人：Edward E. Baptist, The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism (New York: Basic Books, 2014), 353; Walter Johnson, River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2013), 261.
[351]广泛的二级市场：Johnson, River of Dark Dreams, 261.
[352]圈养刘隶的围栏：Maurie D. McInnis, Slaves Waiting for Sale: Abolitionist Art and the American Slave Trade (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001), 87.
[353]“最佳投资对象”：Bancroft, Slave Trading in the Old South, 343.
[354]500多个刘隶：Ibid., 353.
[355]一共售得580150美元：Ibid., 355.
[356]价值为40亿美元：Ibid., 351.
[357]最高法院首席大法官罗杰·B. 托尼：Timothy S. Huebner,“Roger B. Taney and the Slavery Issue: Looking Beyond——and Before——Dred Scott,”Journal of American History (June 2010): 17-37.
第11章 战争
[358]一个大众化的名字：“Negro Insurrection,”New York Times, October 19, 1859.
[359]“解救你们的刘隶”：Ibid.
[360]“大胆的柜侗计划”：Ibid.
[361]“各阶层一片恐慌”：“30,000 Federal Troops in Charlestown,”New York Times, November 30, 1859.
[362]“不愿意……受苦受难的人”：“Sermon by Henry Ward Beecher,”New York Times, November 28, 1859.
[363]反对刘隶制：Doris Kearns Goodwin, Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005), 225.
[364]“如果刘隶制是对的”：Abraham Lincoln,“Cooper Union Speech,”New York Times, February 28, 1860.
[365]“当选的那个人”：“Confederate States of America——Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the Secession of South Carolina from the Federal Union,”December, 24, 1860, Avalon Project, Lillian Goldman Law Library, Yale University.
[366]“让步”：“A Declaration of the Immediate Causes which Induce and Justify the Secession of the State of Mississippi from the Federal Union,”January 9, 1861, Avalon Project, Lillian Goldman Law Library, Yale University.
[367]“30亿美元财产”：“Confederate States of America——Georgia Secession,”January 29, 1861, Avalon Project, Lillian Goldman Law Library, Yale University.
[368]“在你们的手中”：“First Inaugural Address of Abraham Lincoln,”March 4, 1861, Avalon Project, Lillian Goldman Law Library, Yale University.
[369]“和平，还是刀剑”：David Herbert Donald, Lincoln (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995), 283.
[370]给养只能维持：Ibid., 285.
[371]宾夕法尼亚铁路：David Homer Bates, Lincoln in the Telegraph Office (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1995), 20.
[372]卡内基受命：Ibid., 20.
[373]铁路修过……裳桥：Ibid., 22.
[374]轨距：Richard White, Railroaded (New York: W. W. Norton, 2012), 8; Christopher R. Gabel, Rails to Oblivion: The Decline of Confederate Railroads in the Civil War (Fort Leavenworth, KS: Combat Studies Institute, 2002), 5-6.
[375]“相隔很远的部队”：Bates, Lincoln in the Telegraph Office, 11.
[376]战场传来的信息和报告：Ibid., 9.
[377]“如果部队被打败，他们”：Christopher R. Gabel, Railroad Generalship: Foundations of Civil War Strategy (Fort Leavenworth, KS: Combat Studies Institute, 1997), 8.
[378]“如果战争在”：Gabel, Rails to Oblivion, 9-11.
